How To Draw Glass Wall In Plan

Drafting Standards

Many decisions must be made before a floor plan is complete. The designer will probably spend more time drafting the floor plan than any other element. Drafting floor plans is more efficient if a logical sequence is followed; that is, first lay out the walls, openings, door swings, fixtures, and cabinets; then add dimensions, symbols, and any necessary notes.

Walls in Plan View

Floor plans should be drawn with a hierarchy of line weights for easy reading and for graphic excitement. Generally, a minimum of three line weights should be used, as illustrated in Figure 6-9. Walls should be drawn with the darkest and thickest lines. These lines can be double or filled in to indicate the thickness of the wall. The actual wall thickness will vary with the construction, but there

: SEE 3UBET e 'GS LtKATIC* iPi ST FLOß* "

are some typical widths. Most walls in residential and small commercial construction are built with 2x4 wood studs, which are actually 3V2 inches (89 mm) in width. When 1/2 inch (13 mm) gypsum board is added on each face, the wall thickness becomes 4V2 inches (114 mm) finished. The same wall thickness is also often used in large commercial interiors where the studs are made of steel, although steel stud widths are produced in many other sizes as well. For both residential and commercial projects, interior 2x4 walls are generally drafted at approximately 5 inches (127 mm)

Figure 6-8 Some spaces can be drawn at a large scale, such as y2" = 1'0" (1:20 metric), to convey detailed information. These are then cross-referenced to a smaller-scale floor plan.

Figure 6-9 A minimum of three distinct line weights should be used in floor-plan drawings.

Figure 6-10 A variety of line weights and types are used to depict specific kinds of wall construction in floor-plan drawings.

LIGHT LINE UJEIGHT

MEDIUM LINE UJEIGHT

HEAVY LINE UJEIGHT

thick in plan view. Exterior walls are drawn at about 6-8 inches (152-203 mm) thick, depending upon what materials they are constructed of. See Figure 6-10 for an example of different wall materials and how they are constructed as well as designated in a plan view drawing.

Built-in and free-standing objects such as countertops, plumbing fixtures, stairs, furniture, and other items that have contours should be drawn with slightly lighter line weights than the walls. Finally, textures, door swings, and dimension lines are the thinnest and lightest lines, as shown in Figure 6-11.

Doors and Windows in Plan View

Doors and windows are drawn in the floor plan using various symbols and images, and are further dimensioned and referenced to schedules in the construction drawings. The symbols used will depend upon the operating action of the door or window, the specifics needed to describe it, and the scale of the floor-plan drawing. In hand-drafting, these symbols are generated for each new project. However, when using a computer, door and window symbols can be stored in a symbol library and merely called up and inserted in the proper location.

Doors

Doors are generally classified by their action, as illustrated in Figure 6-12, and whether they are interior or exterior units.

plan view designation solid hatch solid hatch solid hatch wall construction can be with wood or metal studs

NWAWAVAN

6KETCW

-SOUND BATTS

metal wall shown metal wall shown insulation insulation metal wall shown metal wall shown

'repunched open'gs =or electrical hiring

'repunched open'gs =or electrical hiring wall sheathing for brick backing •

wall sheathing for brick backing •

LU ALL CONSTRUCTION

plan view section view

1/2" (12.1mm; OR 5/8' (15.8mm; GYPÔUM WALLBOARD EACH SIDE OF 2x4 STUDS « \b' (40&>mm)

1/2" (12.1mm; OR 5/8" (15.8mm; GYPSUM WALLBOARD EACH SIDE OF METAL STUD6 * 24' (&10mm;. COMMON METAL STUDS ARE 3-1/2" (89imn; OR 3-5/8" (92mm;.

■sound batts

2 layers 5/8' (1&Ämm; gypsum wallboard each side of staggered metal studs « 24' <Ê>]0mm). common metal studs are 3-1/2' (89mm; or 3-5/8' (92mm;.

JM 3t

1/2' (12.1mm; or 5/8' (15.8mm; gyp's um wall board each side of metal studs « 24' (610mm;. common metal studs are 3-1/2" (89mm; or 3-5/8" (92mm;.

metal wall shown

TWO LAYERS OF 5/8' (15.8mm; GYPSUM WALLBOARD EACH SIDE OF METAL STUDS « 24" (610mm;. COMMON METAL STUDS ARE 3-1/2" (89mm; OR 3-5/8" f 92mm;.

brick veneer (with wall ties; over 1/2' (12.1mm; or 6/8" (1s.8irm; gypsum wallboard each side Or metal studs • 24"

common metal studs are 3-1/2' (09mm; or 3-5/8" (92mm;.

-GYP. BOARD

-METAL STUDS

-metal runner

-SOUND BATTS

-METAL STUDS -metal runners

-GYP. BOARD

-METAL STUDS

-metal runner metal wall shoun

-metal studs -metal runner

■BRICK VENEER

GYP. BOARD

METAL STUDS

sheathing for brick backing ■metal runner

■BRICK VENEER

GYP. BOARD

METAL STUDS

sheathing for brick backing ■metal runner

Architectural Drafting Standards

FIRST FLOOR PLAN

2/&S0 SQUARE FEET

WALL LEGEND

2X4 UJALLÔ IU/ 1/2' ÖYP. BD

IIIIII■■■■■■■■ ■■ 2X4 OK2> INSULATED ILLÛ

J-L IU/ FULL

BATT6 « 1/2" ÖTP. BO.

YfiiffiiMÀ 4' BW CK VCNcnK

Figure 6-11 In this drawing, walls are drawn with heavy lines. Built-in furniture, cabinetry, and other objects are drawn with medium lines. Textures are represented with light lines.

2/&S0 SQUARE FEET

DOOR S: PLAN VIEW TYPES AS DEFINED BT OPERATION

arc for swing

SLIDING îby-pass;

SWINGING

DOUBLE ACTING

SLIDING CSUPFACE;

SLIDING (pockej)

- DOOR OPEN- SHOWN AS DOTTED WHEN PANEL CONSTRUCTION

DOOR OPEN- SHOWN AS I ROLL-UP INTO DRUM STORAGE ABOVE

DOOR CLOSED

overhead cgarage;

FOLDING DOOR

bi-fold w/two panels

FOLDING DOOR

bi-fold uj/four panels

single stacking double stacking

FOLDING caccordian-style;

FOLDING DOOR

bi-fold uj/four panels

- ENCLOSURE- SOLID OR GLASS

REVOLVING DOOR

ACTIVE LEAF

SWINGING ¿DOUBLE DOOR W ACTIVE < INACTIVE LEAFS;

FRAME GLASS

- ENCLOSURE- SOLID OR GLASS

REVOLVING DOOR

FRAME GLASS

GLASS WALL"

SWINGING- ûlas6 door

GLASS WALL"

SWINGING- ûlas6 door

Figure 6-12 Doors drawn in plan view to show their method of operation.

Figure 6-13 The doors in this second-floor plan are generi-cally called out according to their widths, such as 3°. They are all of the same materials, style, and other matching features.

Although a wide variety of styles exists within these general classifications, it is difficult to denote the specific style in a plan view. Refer to Chapter 10 for the most common door types, their operation, styles, hardware, and other features. Doors are drawn in plan view as a heavy line in small-scale drawings, or as a double line, to indicate their thickness, in larger-scaled plans. A swing door has a thinner curved line drawn to denote the direction of its swing. In small projects (particularly residential work) the door size is noted on the plan (Figure 6-13).

In larger and commercial projects, openings that are to receive doors can be addressed by two methods. The first and simplest is to treat openings generically. Doors might be labeled "A," for example, and all be of the same type, finish, frame, and hardware. "B" doors would represent another group. The other method is to address each opening as a unique design feature and assign each door its own independent number, as shown in Figure 6-14. A circle


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: KITCHEN

is drawn within the door swing, and the door number is placed within it. In turn, this number is referenced to a door schedule that provides the details for that distinct door. This information is then cross-referenced to a door schedule, as explained in Chapter 10.

Doors and windows in plan view are generally dimensioned to the centerline of the door or window and frame unit, as shown in Figure 6-15. This method allows the designer to locate the door fairly accurately, leaving the actual rough opening, trim, and other

Figure 6-14 Each door in this partial plan is assigned an individual number that can be found on an accompanying door schedule indicating all the details of each door.

L0&5Y

Figure 6-14 Each door in this partial plan is assigned an individual number that can be found on an accompanying door schedule indicating all the details of each door.

-ABBREVIATION FOR "CENTERUNE"

clearance details to the builder. In masonry, the door or window assembly (which has an exact unit size) is listed. The builder provides (in both cases) a slightly larger size, to set and shim the unit to fit the opening. The rough opening size is listed on the plan or in the schedule and abbreviated "R.O." This R.O. includes the door, frame, and proper clearances to install the unit within the frame wall, as illustrated in Figure 6-16. In many cases where a door hinge is close to an adjacent wall, it is not necessary to dimension the center of the door (or frame). The builder knows the door is to be located tight to the wall and will allow the proper exact clearances for operation and trim work, as shown in Figure 6-17.

Figure 6-16 In masonry walls, door and window openings are dimensioned to the edges rather than the centerline. The door or window unit is centered in the space.

- UUINDOUU

Figure 6-15 In frame walls, doors and windows are dimensioned to their centerlines, noted as a C/L. From these, the builder establishes the "rough" openings.

LAB 143

KITCHEN

Figure 6-17 When a door is adjacent to a wall, as in this partial restaurant plan, it is often not necessary to dimension the door location. The builder knows the door is to be located tight to the adjacent wall and will provide the proper details and clearances.

KITCHEN

: Figure 6-18 The windows in the dining room of this partial plan are drawn in some detail, as the scale of the drawing is fairly large.

h-wJt i tiiy o

DINING

20" LEAF

VAULTED CEILING

44"x92"

Windows

Windows are drawn in floor plans in a variety of ways according to the scale of the plan and office standards. Generally, if the scale is large enough, windows are drawn based on their style and type of operation. A double casement window is shown in Figure 6-18. See Figure 6-19 for a complete list of the different styles of windows and how they would be drawn in plan view. If the scale of the drawing is small, such as V8" = 1'-0" (1:100 metric) or W = 1'-0" (1:200 metric) on large commercial projects, then a simple single line should be used with a symbol referring to the window schedule for more detailed information (Figure 6-20). Graphic and Text Notation on Floor Plans

As a floor plan is the central or core drawing of any set of construction documents, it must be cross-referenced to other drawings and background materials. Graphic symbols and text notation are incorporated into the floor plan to make it as clear as possible.

Room Names and Notes

There are a number of items in a floor plan that cannot be portrayed graphically and need to be noted. These will vary according to the scale of the floor plan, its complexity, and whether it is a design or construction drawing (Figure 6-21). Room use is generally spelled out in both design and construction drawings. In small projects, only the room name is listed, whereas in large commercial spaces, a number might be assigned (or both a name and number). If the room is too small to write in the name or number on the floor plan, it is written just outside the space with a leader pointing to the room, as seen in Figure 6-22. Approximate room size is sometimes indicated beneath the room name; however, this is done mostly in presentation drawings, as the dimension is generally not accurate enough for a construction drawing. In a construction drawing,

WINDOWS - TYPES AS DEFINED BY OPERATION

fixed casement double casement single and double hung awning and hopper sliding projected

HINGED AT SIDE AND SWINGS OUTUIARD.

HINGED AT SIDES AND SWINGS OUTWARD.

CONTAINS TWO SASH WHICH SLIDE. F OtvE IS FIXED, UNIT IS A -SINGLE-HUNG

AUNINGS ARE HINGED AT TOP - OFTEN SWINGS OUT TO KEEP RAIN OUT.

CONTAINS TWO SASH WHICH SLIDE. F OtvE IS FIXED, UNIT IS A -SINGLE-HUNG

AUNINGS ARE HINGED AT TOP - OFTEN SWINGS OUT TO KEEP RAIN OUT.

HOPPERS ABE BOTTOM HINGED - CFTEN SUJING IN TO KEEP RAIN OUT.—

CAN EE MADE WITH ONE OR BOTH SASH AS SLIDING UNITS ALSO MADE AS ONE CENTER FIXED UNIT AND SLIDING UNITS EACH SIDE-

SERIES OF SMALL, HINGED fAUMING; GLASS SECTIONS ALL OPERATED TOGETHER OR IN SECTIONS.

PIVOTS ON 2 POINTS AT CENTER OF TOP AND BOTTOM OF WINDOW. USED FOR EASE Cfr CLEANING.

SWINGS OPEN AND SLIDES AT SAME TIME THROUGH SPECIAL LINKAGE. CAN BE TYPED AS HOPPER CASEMENT, OR AWNING.

INDICATES • HINGE ACTION

INDICATES - SLIDING SECTION

TYPICAL ANGLES ARE

Figure 6-19 Different types of windows defined by their operation are illustrated in plan view and elevation.

Figure 6-21 A presentation drawing, as shown on the left, shows spaces, furniture, and other items, including some

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